Linux配置：修改网卡名称

网上资料都是要修改 /etc/default/grub 文件，增加 net.ifnames=0, biosdevname=0 参数。该方法重启后，网卡名称统一变为eth开头，无法达到任意修改的目的。整理如下方法，亲测 Centos 7.8 可行。

环境信息：CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)

网卡信息：

root@renyb: rules.d # ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:63:bf:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.110/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic mynet1
       valid_lft 6511sec preferred_lft 6511sec
    inet6 fe80::a788:f7ed:8c55:1b9f/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:0f:32:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:0f:32:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

root@renyb: rules.d # nmcli connection show
NAME    UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens33   b40bd401-b463-4d44-ab63-247307f2a2d6  ethernet  ens33
virbr0  7f07fa4e-e769-4fd1-ab39-1b70c27a0952  bridge    virbr0

临时配置

通过 ip 命令进行配置，重启失效

# 查看网络设备信息
nmcli connection show

# down网卡
ip link set dev ens33 down

# 修改网卡DEVICE名称（ens33为设备名称）
ip link set dev ens33 name mynet1

# 修改网卡NAME（ens33为网卡名称）
nmcli connection modify ens33 connection.id mynet1

# 启动网卡
ip link set mynet1 up

# 重新加载网络设备信息
nmcli connection reload

永久配置

通过 udev 实现。Centos系统中，规则目录如下：

系统规则：/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/
自定义规则：/etc/udev/rules.d

udev解析

网卡相关udev的rule执行流程：

# 用户自定义为优先级最高

# 依据/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-net.rules， 查看是否有ifcfg-xx配置文件（路径在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/),是否有定义了指定MAC地址的配置文件（ifcfg-xx ，xx必须和配置文件的内容DEVICE一致），如果有，则命名改网卡
/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-net.rules

# 依据/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/71-biosdevname.rules，如果biosdevname使能了（安装了biosdevname这个包，且内核启动参数显式设置为1），且网卡没有在step1中定义，则按照biosdevname命名规则rename网卡；（注意，如果没有安装biosdevname这个包，就没有这个文件）
/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/71-biosdevname.rules

# 依据/lib/udev/rules.d/75-net-description.rules，将udev工具会根据device属性将填写网卡的属性命名，可能一个网卡会有多个维度的名称哦
/lib/udev/rules.d/75-net-description.rules

# udev 根据step3中的赋值，按照指定的scheme规则，去给在step1 step2中没有命名的网卡命名
/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-name-slot.rules

重命名流程

新建文件：/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

# This is a sample udev rules file that demonstrates how to get udev to
# set the name of IPoIB interfaces to whatever you wish.  There is a
# 16 character limit on network device names.
#
# Important items to note: ATTR{type}=="32" is IPoIB interfaces, and the
# ATTR{address} match must start with ?* and only reference the last 8
# bytes of the address or else the address might not match the variable QPN
# portion.
#
# Modern udev is case sensitive and all addresses need to be in lower case.
#
# ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{type}=="32", ATTR{address}=="?*00:02:c9:03:00:31:78:f2", NAME="mlx4_ib3"

# ATTR{address}: mac address
# NAME: device name
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{type}=="1", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:63:bf:af", NAME="mynet1"

修改网卡配置文件：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

root@renyb: network-scripts # pwd
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
root@renyb: network-scripts # cat ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
# 修改网卡NAME
NAME=mynet1
UUID=b40bd401-b463-4d44-ab63-247307f2a2d6
# 修改网卡DEVICE NAME
DEVICE=mynet1
ONBOOT=yes
IPV6_PRIVACY=no
root@renyb: network-scripts # # 修改网卡配置文件名称
root@renyb: network-scripts # mv ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-mynet1

临时配置

永久配置

udev解析

重命名流程

参考文档