简介

Nginx(“engine x”)是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发高性能的 Web和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。

部署Nginx

基础环境准备

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# 安装基础依赖包
yum install -y make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

源码安装PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

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# 获取源码包
cd /usr/local/src && wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.45/pcre-8.45.tar.gz

# 解压
tar zxvf pcre-8.45.tar.gz && cd pcre-8.45

# 编译安装
./configure
make && make install

# 查看pcre版本
pcre-config --version

源码安装Nginx

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# 获取源码包
cd /usr/local/src && wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.4.tar.gz

# 解压
tar zxvf nginx-1.21.4.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.21.4

# 编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx \
    --with-http_stub_status_module \
    --with-http_ssl_module \
    --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.45
make && make install

# 软链接
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx

# 查看版本
nginx -v

配置Nginx基础环境

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# 创建Nginx运行使用的用户：www
groupadd www
useradd -g www www

# 备份配置文件
cp /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.template

配置nginx.conf

将 /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 替换为以下内容

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# 运行使用的用户
user www www;

# 设置值和CPU核心数一致
worker_processes 2;

# 日志位置和日志级别
error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

# PID文件目录
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

# Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 65535;
}

http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    log_format main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                     '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                     '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

    # charset gb2312;

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    client_max_body_size 8m;

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 60;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
    gzip on; 
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary on;

    # limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

    #下面是server虚拟主机的配置
    server {
        listen 80; # 监听端口
        server_name localhost; # 域名
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html; # 站点目录
        access_log off;

        location /status {
            stub_status on;
            # access_log off;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
            # fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi.conf;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$ {
            expires 30d;
            # access_log off;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
              expires 15d;
               # access_log off;
        }
    }
}

检测nginx.conf配置正确性

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root@k44: conf # nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

启动Nginx

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nginx

管理Nginx

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# 重新载入配置文件
nginx -s reload

# 重启 Nginx
nginx -s reopen

# 停止 Nginx
nginx -s stop

参考文档