QEMU is a generic and open source machine & userspace emulator and virtualizer.
QEMU is capable of emulating a complete machine in software without any need for hardware virtualization support. By using dynamic translation, it achieves very good performance. QEMU can also integrate with the Xen and KVM hypervisors to provide emulated hardware while allowing the hypervisor to manage the CPU. With hypervisor support, QEMU can achieve near native performance for CPUs. When QEMU emulates CPUs directly it is capable of running operating systems made for one machine (e.g. an ARMv7 board) on a different machine (e.g. an x86_64 PC board).
QEMU is also capable of providing userspace API virtualization for Linux and BSD kernel interfaces. This allows binaries compiled against one architecture ABI (e.g. the Linux PPC64 ABI) to be run on a host using a different architecture ABI (e.g. the Linux x86_64 ABI). This does not involve any hardware emulation, simply CPU and syscall emulation.
QEMU aims to fit into a variety of use cases. It can be invoked directly by users wishing to have full control over its behaviour and settings. It also aims to facilitate integration into higher level management layers, by providing a stable command line interface and monitor API. It is commonly invoked indirectly via the libvirt library when using open source applications such as oVirt, OpenStack and virt-manager.
QEMU as a whole is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2. For full licensing details, consult the LICENSE file.
Usage: configure [options] Options: [defaults in brackets after descriptions]
Standard options: --help print this message --prefix=PREFIX install in PREFIX [/usr/local] --interp-prefix=PREFIX where to find shared libraries, etc. use %M for cpu name [/usr/gnemul/qemu-%M] --target-list=LIST set target list (default: build everything) Available targets: aarch64-softmmu alpha-softmmu arm-softmmu cris-softmmu hppa-softmmu i386-softmmu lm32-softmmu m68k-softmmu microblazeel-softmmu microblaze-softmmu mips64el-softmmu mips64-softmmu mipsel-softmmu mips-softmmu moxie-softmmu nios2-softmmu or1k-softmmu ppc64-softmmu ppcemb-softmmu ppc-softmmu riscv32-softmmu riscv64-softmmu s390x-softmmu sh4eb-softmmu sh4-softmmu sparc64-softmmu sparc-softmmu tricore-softmmu unicore32-softmmu x86_64-softmmu xtensaeb-softmmu xtensa-softmmu aarch64_be-linux-user aarch64-linux-user alpha-linux-user armeb-linux-user arm-linux-user cris-linux-user hppa-linux-user i386-linux-user m68k-linux-user microblazeel-linux-user microblaze-linux-user mips64el-linux-user mips64-linux-user mipsel-linux-user mips-linux-user mipsn32el-linux-user mipsn32-linux-user nios2-linux-user or1k-linux-user ppc64abi32-linux-user ppc64le-linux-user ppc64-linux-user ppc-linux-user riscv32-linux-user riscv64-linux-user s390x-linux-user sh4eb-linux-user sh4-linux-user sparc32plus-linux-user sparc64-linux-user sparc-linux-user tilegx-linux-user x86_64-linux-user xtensaeb-linux-user xtensa-linux-user
Advanced options (experts only): --source-path=PATH path of source code [/root/renyb/qemu/qemu-2.12.0] --cross-prefix=PREFIX use PREFIX for compile tools [] --cc=CC use C compiler CC [cc] --iasl=IASL use ACPI compiler IASL [iasl] --host-cc=CC use C compiler CC [cc] for code run at build time --cxx=CXX use C++ compiler CXX [c++] --objcc=OBJCC use Objective-C compiler OBJCC [cc] --extra-cflags=CFLAGS append extra C compiler flags QEMU_CFLAGS --extra-cxxflags=CXXFLAGS append extra C++ compiler flags QEMU_CXXFLAGS --extra-ldflags=LDFLAGS append extra linker flags LDFLAGS --make=MAKE use specified make [make] --install=INSTALL use specified install [install] --python=PYTHON use specified python [python] --smbd=SMBD use specified smbd [/usr/sbin/smbd] --with-git=GIT use specified git [git] --static enable static build [no] --mandir=PATH install man pages in PATH --datadir=PATH install firmware in PATH/qemu --docdir=PATH install documentation in PATH/qemu --bindir=PATH install binaries in PATH --libdir=PATH install libraries in PATH --libexecdir=PATH install helper binaries in PATH --sysconfdir=PATH install config in PATH/qemu --localstatedir=PATH install local state in PATH (set at runtime on win32) --firmwarepath=PATH search PATH for firmware files --with-confsuffix=SUFFIX suffix for QEMU data inside datadir/libdir/sysconfdir [/qemu] --with-pkgversion=VERS use specified string as sub-version of the package --enable-debug enable common debug build options --enable-sanitizers enable default sanitizers --disable-strip disable stripping binaries --disable-werror disable compilation abort on warning --disable-stack-protector disable compiler-provided stack protection --audio-drv-list=LIST set audio drivers list: Available drivers: oss alsa sdl pa --block-drv-whitelist=L Same as --block-drv-rw-whitelist=L --block-drv-rw-whitelist=L set block driver read-write whitelist (affects only QEMU, not qemu-img) --block-drv-ro-whitelist=L set block driver read-only whitelist (affects only QEMU, not qemu-img) --enable-trace-backends=B Set trace backend Available backends: dtrace ftrace log simple syslog ust --with-trace-file=NAME Full PATH,NAME of file to store traces Default:trace-<pid> --disable-slirp disable SLIRP userspace network connectivity --enable-tcg-interpreter enable TCG with bytecode interpreter (TCI) --enable-malloc-trim enable libc malloc_trim() for memory optimization --oss-lib path to OSS library --cpu=CPU Build for host CPU [x86_64] --with-coroutine=BACKEND coroutine backend. Supported options: ucontext, sigaltstack, windows --enable-gcov enable test coverage analysis with gcov --gcov=GCOV use specified gcov [gcov] --disable-blobs disable installing provided firmware blobs --with-vss-sdk=SDK-path enable Windows VSS support in QEMU Guest Agent --with-win-sdk=SDK-path path to Windows Platform SDK (to build VSS .tlb) --tls-priority default TLS protocol/cipher priority string --enable-gprof QEMU profiling with gprof --enable-profiler profiler support --enable-xen-pv-domain-build xen pv domain builder --enable-debug-stack-usage track the maximum stack usage of stacks created by qemu_alloc_stack
Optional features, enabled with --enable-FEATURE and disabled with --disable-FEATURE, default is enabled if available:
system all system emulation targets user supported user emulation targets linux-user all linux usermode emulation targets bsd-user all BSD usermode emulation targets docs build documentation guest-agent build the QEMU Guest Agent guest-agent-msi build guest agent Windows MSI installation package pie Position Independent Executables modules modules support debug-tcg TCG debugging (default is disabled) debug-info debugging information sparse sparse checker
gnutls GNUTLS cryptography support nettle nettle cryptography support gcrypt libgcrypt cryptography support sdl SDL UI --with-sdlabi select preferred SDL ABI 1.2 or 2.0 gtk gtk UI --with-gtkabi select preferred GTK ABI 2.0 or 3.0 vte vte support for the gtk UI curses curses UI vnc VNC UI support vnc-sasl SASL encryption for VNC server vnc-jpeg JPEG lossy compression for VNC server vnc-png PNG compression for VNC server cocoa Cocoa UI (Mac OS X only) virtfs VirtFS mpath Multipath persistent reservation passthrough xen xen backend driver support xen-pci-passthrough brlapi BrlAPI (Braile) curl curl connectivity membarrier membarrier system call (for Linux 4.14+ or Windows) fdt fdt device tree bluez bluez stack connectivity kvm KVM acceleration support hax HAX acceleration support hvf Hypervisor.framework acceleration support whpx Windows Hypervisor Platform acceleration support rdma Enable RDMA-based migration and PVRDMA support vde support for vde network netmap support for netmap network linux-aio Linux AIO support cap-ng libcap-ng support attr attr and xattr support vhost-net vhost-net acceleration support vhost-crypto vhost-crypto acceleration support spice spice rbd rados block device (rbd) libiscsi iscsi support libnfs nfs support smartcard smartcard support (libcacard) libusb libusb (for usb passthrough) live-block-migration Block migration in the main migration stream usb-redir usb network redirection support lzo support of lzo compression library snappy support of snappy compression library bzip2 support of bzip2 compression library (for reading bzip2-compressed dmg images) seccomp seccomp support coroutine-pool coroutine freelist (better performance) glusterfs GlusterFS backend tpm TPM support libssh2 ssh block device support numa libnuma support libxml2 for Parallels image format tcmalloc tcmalloc support jemalloc jemalloc support replication replication support vhost-vsock virtio sockets device support opengl opengl support virglrenderer virgl rendering support xfsctl xfsctl support qom-cast-debug cast debugging support tools build qemu-io, qemu-nbd and qemu-image tools vxhs Veritas HyperScale vDisk backend support crypto-afalg Linux AF_ALG crypto backend driver vhost-user vhost-user support capstone capstone disassembler support
NOTE: The object files are built at the place where configure is launched
功能验证
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[root@k104 ~]# qemu-system-aarch64 --version QEMU emulator version 2.12.0 Copyright (c) 2003-2017 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers [root@k104 ~]# [root@k104 ~]# qemu-aarch64 --version qemu-aarch64 version 2.12.0 Copyright (c) 2003-2017 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers
[root@k104 ~]# qemu-system-x86_64 -machine help Supported machines are: pc-i440fx-2.9 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.8 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.7 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.6 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.5 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.4 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.3 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.2 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) (alias of pc-i440fx-2.12) pc-i440fx-2.12 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) (default) pc-i440fx-2.11 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.10 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.1 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-2.0 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-1.7 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-1.6 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-1.5 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-i440fx-1.4 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-1.3 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-1.2 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-1.1 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-1.0 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-0.15 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-0.14 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-0.13 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-0.12 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-0.11 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-0.10 Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) pc-q35-2.9 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.8 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.7 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.6 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.5 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.4 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) q35 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) (alias of pc-q35-2.12) pc-q35-2.12 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.11 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) pc-q35-2.10 Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009) isapc ISA-only PC none empty machine
VM启动失败：seccomp support is disabled
报错信息： qemu-system-x86_64: -sandbox on,obsolete=deny,elevateprivileges=deny,spawn=deny,resourcecontrol=deny: seccomp support is disabled
# Use seccomp syscall sandbox in QEMU. # 1 == seccomp enabled, 0 == seccomp disabled # # If it is unset (or -1), then seccomp will be enabled # only if QEMU >= 2.11.0 is detected, otherwise it is # left disabled. This ensures the default config gets # protection for new QEMU using the blacklist approach. # seccomp_sandbox = 0
VM启动失败：NUMA node binding are not supported by this QEMU
报错信息： qemu-system-x86_64: -object memory-backend-file,id=ram-node0,prealloc=yes,mem-path=/dev/hugepages/libvirt/qemu/1-instance-0000006f,share=yes,size=4294967296,host-nodes=0,policy=bind: NUMA node binding are not supported by this QEMU
